Backflow refers to water in a plumbing system that flows in the wrong direction. To be specific, it refers to dirty water that flows back into a clean water supply line. Backflows contaminate the water supply and are a serious health threat. Plumbing backflow devices are the unseen protectors of our clean water supply.

In this article we will explain what a plumbing backflow device does, why they are so important and when they need to be installed. We will also mention some key differences between plumbing backflows and fire protection backflows.

What Does a Plumbing Backflow Device Do?

Backflow happens when pressure changes in the water line. This can be caused by backpressure (pressure that’s too high on the property) or back-siphonage (pressure that is too low on the supply side). Whatever the cause, it can draw contaminated water into the public water supply.

A plumbing backflow device prevents contaminated water from flowing back into the clean water supply. Some common plumbing backflow devices are:

1.  Air gaps – These create a physical separation between potable and non-potable water sources. An air gap can be created by installing faucets high enough above the flood rim of the sink or tub. Where this can not be done, an air gap device is installed.

2. Vacuum breakers – AVBs (atmospheric vacuum breaker) and PVBs (pressure vacuum breaker) are typically made of brass and are bent at a 90-degree angle. Inside there are valves that close when water pressure drops and air enters the system.

3. Check valves – These valves ensure that water flows in only one direction. These devices open and shut based on the pressure on both sides of the valve and are designed for continuous pressure systems.

Why Install a Plumbing Backflow Device?

• Protect Drinking Water Quality: Backflow devices protect our drinking supply from harmful bacteria, chemicals, and other pollutants. If not properly installed and maintained these contaminants can lead to serious illnesses like cholera, dysentery, and other waterborne diseases.
• Protect Your Property: Some chemicals introduced into the pipelines from backflows can damage your plumbing system, appliances, and fixtures.
• Ensure Regulatory Compliance: Local authorities implement regulations that require commercial buildings to install backflow prevention devices to maintain public water quality. Installing and maintaining these devices also helps businesses avoid potential lawsuits.

Do I Need a Backflow Preventer?

Depending on what type of property you have you may need a backflow preventer. Laws and regulations vary from place to place, so be sure to check your local backflow prevention laws. Below are a few examples.

● Commercial Properties: Yes

Nearly all US commercial and institutional properties, large and small, are required by state and/or local laws to have backflow preventers and to have them inspected annually.

● Multi-Family Homes: Yes

Most multi-unit housing structures are required to have backflow preventers.

● Schools and Colleges: Yes

Schools and colleges are typically required to have backflow devices installed. The backflow requirements are often set by local jurisdictions and state regulations. Backflow devices are necessary to safeguard the health of students and staff.

● Apartment Buildings: Yes

Apartment buildings are generally required to have backflow prevention devices to protect the public water supply from potential contamination.

What is the Difference between Plumbing and Fire Protection Backflows?

The primary difference between plumbing and fire protection backflows lies in the potential hazards and the level of protection required. Both types are serious concerns for public water supply safety, but fire protection systems generally require more stringent backflow prevention measures due to their higher contamination potential and the critical nature of maintaining clean water supplies.

Plumbing backflows are generally considered low-hazard situations. These backflows focus on preventing contamination of the potable water supply from contaminated household water sources. For example they prevent soap, detergents, or mild chemicals from entering the main water supply. Plumbing backflows are installed, maintained and repaired by certified plumbers.

On the other hand, fire protection backflows are often classified as high-hazard situations. This is true because of stagnant water in fire system pipes, potential chemicals or foam agents, and connections to non-potable water sources. Fire protection backflows require specialized attention and are regulated under NFPA standards and the Local Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).

Fire protection companies are permitted to install, maintain and repair these backflows. Our strategic partner, Bolt Mechanical, handles fire protection backflows. They offer professional 24/7 assistance and are known for their high quality services. If you are in need of a fire protection company, don’t hesitate to get in touch!

Plumbing Backflow Devices with Ironwood Plumbing

As we’ve learned, plumbing backflow devices are essential for the health and well-being of the public and our families. Investing in proper installation is a must. Ironwood Plumbing has more than 20 years experience installing backflow devices.

Backflow testing is required for businesses on a yearly basis. Ironwood Plumbing offers annual and semiannual inspections and maintenance. We are also available 24/7 for any emergency backflow needs.

Contact us today to learn more about our backflow services or to schedule your inspection.

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